Ascorbic Acid in Chili Pepper Fruits: Biosynthesis, Accumulation, and Factors Affecting its Content
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.2003Palabras clave:
Capsicum, chili pepper, ascorbic acid, vitamin C, antioxidantResumen
Abstract. Chili pepper fruits are important sources of bioactive compounds e.g., capsaicinoids, carotenoids, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and minerals. From them, chili pepper fruits synthesize and accumulate important concentrations of ascorbic acid (AsA) (also known as vitamin C). AsA has an important role as a free-radical scavenger and as an effective antioxidant. In plants, AsA develops crucial functions for the homeostasis maintenance of the cells, whereas, in animals, AsA is very important for cellular metabolism too. Because of humans and some animal species are incapable of synthesizing AsA, they must acquire it from vegetable food, and chili pepper fruits represent an excellent option for vitamin C uptake. In this review, we integrate the latest biological advances of the research about vitamin C in chili pepper fruits including biosynthesis, accumulation, and the effects of agricultural practices and postharvest storage.
Resumen. El chile es una fuente muy importante de compuestos bioactivos (capsaicinoides, carotenoidess, ácido ascórbico, flavonoides, compuestos fenólicos y minerales). De éstos, el chile contiene concentraciones muy importantes de ácido ascóbico (AsA) (también conocido como vitamina C). El AsA tiene un importante papel en la eliminación de radicales libres y es un antioxidante muy efectivo. En plantas, el AsA lleva a cabo funciones cruciales para el mantenimiento de la homeostasis celular, mientras que, en animales, el AsA es muy importante para el metabolismo celular. Debido a que los humanos y algunas especies animales son incapaces de sintetizarlo, ellos deben adquirirlo a partir de alimentos de origen vegetal, siendo los frutos de chile una excelente fuente de vitamina C. En esta revisión, se integran los avances más recientes acerca de la investigación de la vitamina C, su ruta de biosíntesis, su contenido en frutos de chile y, finalmente, el efecto de diferentes factores como el manejo agrícola y el procesamiento de frutos de Capsicum sobre el contenido de AsA.
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