Comparative Evaluation of Different Extraction Methods for Identification and Quantification of Glyphosate in Fortified Corn Flour
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.1945Keywords:
Glyphosate-2-13C quantification, herbicide extraction, corn flour, liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometryAbstract
Abstract. Glyphosate is one of the most widely used herbicides around the world. Over the past decade, the use of glyphosate and related molecules has significantly risen despite its suggested harmful effects on human health. Therefore, it is of great interest to establish reliable and scalable extraction and quantification pipelines for glyphosate in food-associated products. This herbicide is difficult to detect in foods and related matrices because of its chemical features. In this work, we tested different concentrations of solvents and various extraction protocols for recovering this pesticide. For quantification, we used a dynamic multiple reaction monitoring (dMRM) method in an ultra-high resolution liquid chromatograph coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS-QqQ). We determined that 20 % (v/v) methanol in water was the best solvent for extraction. Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and ultrasonication approach allowed better recovery values. However, extraction with the energized dispersive extraction system (EDGE) exhibited a more efficient result in half of the time compared to the other automated protocol tested in our study. Our investigation provides valuable information for the extraction, identification, and quantification of glyphosate-2-13C, which will contribute to monitoring the level of this herbicide in corn flour.
Resumen. El glifosato es uno de los herbicidas más utilizados en todo el mundo. Durante la última década, el uso del glifosato y las moléculas derivadas de este compuesto ha aumentado significativamente a pesar de los efectos nocivos que se han indicado para la salud humana. Por lo tanto, es de gran interés establecer herramientas de extracción y cuantificación confiables y escalables para glifosato en los productos asociados con alimentos. Este plaguicida es difícil de detectar en alimentos y otras matrices afines debido a sus características químicas. En este estudio probamos diferentes concentraciones de solventes y varios protocolos de extracción para la recuperación de este herbicida. Para la cuantificación utilizamos un método de monitoreo dinámico de múltiples reacciones (dMRM) en un cromatógrafo de líquidos de ultra alta resolución acoplado a un espectrómetro de masas de triple cuadrupolo (UPLC-MS-QqQ). Determinamos que 20 % (v/v) de metanol en agua era el mejor solvente para la extracción. Las herramientas de extracción acelerada por solventes (ASE) y ultrasonicación permitieron los mejores valores de recuperación. Sin embargo, la extracción con el sistema de extracción dispersiva energizada (EDGE) mostró resultados eficientes en la mitad del tiempo, en comparación con el otro protocolo automatizado probado en nuestro estudio. Nuestra investigación provee información valiosa para la extracción y cuantificación de glifosato-2-13C, lo que contribuirá a monitorear niveles de este herbicida en harina de maíz.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Liliana Hortencia Méndez-Barredo, Juan Luis Monribot-Villanueva, Esaú Bojórquez-Velázquez, José Miguel Elizalde-Contreras, José Antonio Guerrero-Analco, Eliel Ruiz-May
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