GC-MS Characterization, in vitro Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Essential Oil from the Leaves of Stachytarpheta jamaicensis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v66i4.1822Keywords:
Medicinal plants, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, essential oils, oxidative stressAbstract
Abstract. Oxidative stress arising from free radicals have been documented to be a sponsor of inflammation, driving the search for plant-based compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition and evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials of essential oil obtained from leaves of Stachytarpheta jamaicensis. Essential oil (EO) was extracted using hydro distillation techniques and its components analyzed using gas chromatograph mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. The antioxidant potentials of the EO were assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Anti-inflammatory ability was assessed using inhibition of heat and hypotonicity induced hemolysis of the RBC. GC-MS analysis of essential oil of Stachytarpheta jamaicensis showed the presence of limonene (13.85 %), eucalyptol (10.73 %), linalool (5.36 %), cis verbenol (19.54 %), bornyl acetate (12.65 %) and β-phellandrene (5.59 %) as major EO components, representing a total of 67.72 % of the total volatile fraction. The EO showed strong anti-inflammatory properties and a minimal scavenging potential of DPPH and FRAP activity compared to standard agents used. Result obtained from this study indicates that EO of Stachytarpheta jamaicensis is a promising source of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents, which can be exploited in pharmaceuticals.
Resumen. Está documentado que el estrés oxidativo originado por radicales libres produce respuestas inflamatorias, lo que ha impulsado la búsqueda de compuestos de origen vegetal con actividades antioxidantes y antiinflamatorias. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la composición química y evaluar el potencial antioxidante y antiinflamatorio in vitro del aceite esencial obtenido de las hojas de Stachytarpheta jamaicensis. El aceite esencial (EO, por sus siglas en inglés) se extrajo mediante técnicas de hidrodestilación y sus componentes se analizaron mediante técnicas de cromatografía de gases y espectrometría de masas (GC-MS). El potencial antioxidante del aceite esencial se evaluó utilizando ensayos con 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazilo (DPPH) y evaluando el poder reductor de iones férricos (FRAP). La capacidad antiinflamatoria se evaluó mediante la inhibición de la hemólisis de los glóbulos rojos inducida por calor e hipotonia. El análisis GC-MS del aceite esencial de Stachytarpheta jamaicensis mostró la presencia de limoneno (13,85 %), eucaliptol (10,73 %), linalol (5,36 %), cis-verbenol (19,54 %), acetato de bornilo (12,65 %) y β-felandreno (5,59 %) como componentes mayoritarios del extracto, representando un total de 67,72 % de la fracción volátil total. El extracto mostró propiedades antiinflamatorias y un potencial depurador mínimo de la actividad de DPPH y FRAP en comparación con los agentes utilizados como estándares. El resultado obtenido de este estudio indica que el aceite esencial de Stachytarpheta jamaicensis es una fuente prometedora de compuestos antioxidantes y antiinflamatorios, que pueden explotarse en productos farmacéuticos.
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