Antimicrobial Activity, Phenolic and Antioxidant Content of Extracts from Cuajilote (Parmentiera aculeata Kunth) Fruits at Different Degrees of Ripening
Bioactive Compounds of cuajilote from Chiapas, México
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v65i2.1270Keywords:
Antioxidant, phenols, antibacterial, ripening, cuajiloteAbstract
Abstract. Antioxidants and phenolic compounds are involved in antioxidative processes, decreasing the activity of free radicals. Cuajilote (Parmentiera aculeata) is a crop of the state of Chiapas, Mexico, mainly used as feed for cattle, unknown the compounds that the fruit may contain, but many researches indicate that this fruit has been used for therapeutic purposes. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is the evaluation of the antioxidant, antibacterial and polyphenol content of pulp and seed of cuajilote. The recollected fruit were classified by degree of ripeness (green (G), mature green ripe (MG) and ripe (R)). The samples were dry at 40 °C. Aqueous, ethanol and methanolic extracts were obtained from degree of ripeness mentioned above. Higher antioxidant activity was obtained from ethanolic extracts of ripe pulp, greater polyphenol content from methanolic extracts from ripe pulp and antibacterial activity in ethanolic extracts from cuajilote pulp. The pulp has a higher antioxidant activity and polyphenol concentration in the ripe stage.
Resumen. Los antioxidantes y compuestos fenólicos intervienen en los procesos antioxidantes, disminuyendo la actividad de los radicales libres. El Cuajilote (Parmentiera aculeata) es un cultivo del estado de Chiapas, México, utilizado principalmente como alimento para el ganado, desconociendo los compuestos que el fruto puede contener, pero muchas investigaciones indican que el fruto se ha utilizado para fines terapéuticos. Por lo tanto, el propósito del presente estudio es la evaluación del contenido antioxidante, antibacteriano y de polifenoles de la pulpa y la semilla de cuajilote. Los frutos recogidos se clasificaron por grado de maduración (verde (G), maduro-verde-maduro (MG) y maduro (R)). Las muestras se secaron a 40 °C, los extractos acuosos, etanólico y metanólico contuvieron los compuestos de interés. Se obtuvo actividad antioxidante mayor en los extractos etanólicos de pulpa madura; un mayor contenido de polifenoles a partir de extractos metanólicos de pulpa madura y elevada actividad antibacteriana en extractos etanólicos de la pulpa de cuajilote. La pulpa presenta superior actividad antioxidante y concentración de polifenoles en la etapa madura.
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